Santosh Acharya's Blog

पृष्टभूमि नेपालको आर्थिक बृद्धिदर विगत दुई वर्षमा औसत ६ प्रतिशतभन्दा माथि रहृयो । आर्थिक वृद्धिले प्रत्यक्ष र अप्रत्यक्ष गरी दुई पक्षलाई समेट्छ । आर्थिक वृद्धि हुँदा देशमा उत्पादन बढेको , रोजगारीका अवसरहरु फराकिलो हुँदै गएको , व्यक्तिको क्रयशक्ति वढेको जस्ता विषयहरु प्रत्यक्षतर्फ रहन्छन् । अप्रत्यक्षको पाटोमा चाहिँ देशभित्र आर्थिक रुपमा नै सक्रिय व्यक्ति , व्यावसायिक समूह/वर्ग (स्वदेशी , विदेशी) मा भविश्यप्रति सकारात्मक अपेक्षाको सञ्चार हुन्छ । यसको कारण अर्थतन्त्र पुनः चक्रीय आर्थिक वृद्धिको क्षेत्रभित्र प्रवेश गर्दछ । देशले जति धेरै आर्थिक वृद्धि हासिल गर्‍यो , त्यसले प्रत्यक्ष र अप्रत्यक्ष दुवै पक्षलाई वृहत बनाउँछ । परिणामस्वरुप बेरोजगारीको समस्या समाधान हुने , स्रोत र साधनको उच्चतम प्रयोग हुने , निर्यात गर्न सक्ने क्षमताको वृद्धि हुने , वैदेशिक मुद्राको आर्जन बढ्न सक्ने , सोधान्तर अवस्था सकारात्मक हुने जस्ता सूचकहरु देखिन्छन् । यसर्थ कुनै पनि अर्थतन्त्रमा आर्थिक वृद्धि सधैँ अपेक्षित रहन्छ । आर्थिक वृद्धिको यत्ति धेरै सकारात्मक आयाम हुँदाहुँदै पनि कुनै पनि देशले चाहेजस्तो वृ...

The wide trade deficit has become the normal phenomenon of the Nepalese economy. Liberalization has been initiated with the expectation that there will be the free flow of goods and services through which reciprocal benefit can reap up through the country's export, import and industrial development. Considering the same line, Nepal became the 154th member nation of WTO in 2004. The Nepal Trade Integration Strategy  (NTIS), 2010 has introduced in which 17 product are targeted to strengthen the competitiveness of the Nepalese trade and later it was upgraded by NTIS, 2016 that recognizes potentials for product and value chain development in sectors: i). Agro and forest products (cardamom; ginger; tea; and medicinal and aromatic plants); ii). Craft and manufacturing products (all fabrics, textile, yarn and rope; leather; footwear; chyangra pashmina; and, knotted carpets); and iii). Services (skilled and semi-skilled professionals in various categories; Information Technology and Busi...

Dr Yubraj Khatiwada When Dr Khatiwada joined the office as a governor, most of the macroeconomic indicators were forced people to ask whether Nepal is going to be a failed economy. The credit crunch, high inflation and low economic growth were the major challenges in front of him. At the end of his tenure, he gained faith from the people that he protected the economy through micro-monetary management. He framed the monetary system of the country. He introduced Merger and Acquisition aiming to minimise the cross holding in different banks. Later on, it became the best tool to stabilise the banking system of the country.  His best effort was found in real estate investment, in which he caps the banking lending, which becomes a turning point for protecting this industry from an accident. His practices towards using monetary instrument were significant. His personality worked on implementing the monetary policy throughout his tenure. Unfortunately, he was unabl...

Meso-Economics It   studies the institutional aspect of economy that are not captured by micro or macroeconomics. By pre-supposing the perfect competition, complete information and zero transportation cost, neo-classical economics assumes away the need for institutions like court, parties and religions to deal with the economic problem the people, firms and countries faces. The economists like Kurt Dopfer, John Foster, and Jason Potts have developed a Micro-Meso-Macro theory of evolutionary economics in which "an economic system is population of rules, a structural rules, and a process of rules". The most important feature of Meso-economics framework is to study the actual web of contracts, formal or informal, in family, corporate, market, civil and social institutions. Doing so it provides the natural linkages between micro and macro because the micro level rules and institution typically imply macro level consequences. Meta Economics It goes still furt...

This blog basically deals with the fundamental concept of monetary policy. This is assumed to be beneficial to beginners. Meaning of Monetary Policy It is a set of instruments adopted by the central monetary authority incorporating with the fiscal policy to control the price level. The monetary policy is defined as a discretionary action undertaken by the authorities designed to influence the supply of money and interest rate. Here the policy instruments are; Bank Rate, CRR, SLR, Repo and Reverse Repo, used to control the flow of money supply. Types of Monetary Policy Generally, monetary policy has been classified into two catagories: A. Based on the Objectives:  There are two sets of objectives viz.  A.1 Single-Minded Monetary Policy:  only aims to set a target either on inflation or nominal GNP growth etc . A.2 Multi-Objective Monetary Policy:  is responsible to accomplish multiple tasks viz. Monetary ( money supply, inflation and so on ) and De...